Authors, have you mastered the elements?
I’m not talking about weather, although it’s a bear, right? Heat, fires (my home state, California, has been burning), and heat waves have baked the country. As global warming attacks around the globe and climate change does more and more damage, it’s impossible to keep up with all of Mother Nature’s revenge against us.
No, I want to discuss other elements, i.e., have a more esoteric discussion about the elements of writing fiction. (Readers might not care too much—one can argue they shouldn’t have to—but authors must.) What characterizes a good story? A story’s basic elements are: themes, plot, characters, settings, and dialogue. Let’s briefly discuss each one.
Themes. Even the most basic police procedural has a theme, sometimes more than one: drug trafficking, human trafficking, art theft, political conspiracies and malfeasance, legal chicanery, espionage, and so forth. Other themes can be more droll and mundane: religion, marital relations, professional tensions, etc. These themes are needed to wind through and around plots to make them relevant.
Plots. Those plots can range from simple to complex. I prefer the latter, as both reader and writer. (Some genres, like cozy mysteries and sappy romances are boringly simple, though! I don’t read or write those.) You can’t have a story without a plot if want to call your written opus fiction. (In fact, biographies and histories fare better when they follow fictional guidelines.) A good plot makes a good novel; a bad one leads to readers’ boredom…and rejection.
Characters. I’ve read stories that have only one character (more short fiction than novels, of course), but usually there’s more than one, some good, the protagonists (or heroes), others not so much, the antagonists (or villains). A good novel usually has quite a few characters, especially if the plot is complex. The first requirement is that characters should be like real people, not two-dimensional stereotypes. Both plot and characters in a novel must seem real within its settings.
Settings. Your story’s setting or settings (a novel can consider several) can also be simple or complex. It could be Everytown USA or a large city, on Earth or on another planet. Think of your settings as the various stages where the drama and action contained in the plot take place. Like characters, they must seem real (even on that planet far, far away).
Dialogue. Both internal and external, your dialogue should move plots forward. (Internal means what characters think; external means what they say.) A good story has a good mix of dialogue and narrative, with dialogue providing a window to look into a character’s mind, even when spoken. Unlike other elements, it doesn’t have to seem real! A lot of what we say in our daily lives (spoken dialogue) is filled with boring details. “Good morning. How are you doing? Your hair’s all messed up. What humidity, right?” If a conversation at the water cooler extends to five pages of prose in your novel, you’ll lose flocks of readers. (Actually, water-cooler conversations are rare these days because everyone’s looking at their smart phones!)
This post can only be a summary of story elements (which one is more important can depend on a lot of things, including genre). An MFA course or online course about writing could provide a lot more info (a lot of those, like in King’s On Writing, is outdated and/or just plain wrong), but this article should be enough to get a new writer started, or refresh the memory of old hands and remind them about what’s important. (More can be found in the free PDF download indicated below.)
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Comments are always welcome. (Please follow the rules on my “Join the Conversation” web page.)
“Writing Fiction.” Most of my free PDF downloads are fiction. This one is about how to write it and how to sell it. It also contains guidelines for what not to do. Most of the material here might clash with what a writing guru might tell you (often while robbing you blind!) because, based on my own experiences, I feel I need to be brutally honest. (And I’ll bet most of those so-called gurus don’t have the experience of writing forty-plus books!) Okay, you might think I’m too brutal, so download it, read it, and use what you think is usable in your writing life. I put quite a few hours into creating this little course—being a professor once myself, I felt obligated to pass on my pain and suffering—and it was fun to write. You might find it fun reading as well. It’s had a lot of updates. (The last ones provide a guide to using the Draft2Digital software—self-publishing is very efficient now; even I can do it!—so critics could say I’m targeting those wannabe authors interested in self-publishing (they would be right!). See the “Free Stuff & Contests” web page for a complete list of free PDF downloads, including this one.
Around the world and to the stars! In libris libertas!
