Speculative Fiction #2: Horror…
To show how illogical book taxonomy is, horror is often considered part of speculative fiction. Most of it isn’t sci-fi, which I think Ms. Atwood equates to speculative fiction in her mind, so there is a question of how to classify it. And it often has a lot in common with fantasy, but even non-fiction can contain a lot of horror. We often think of Stephen King as the horror-master, but Misery is a fairly standard thriller, albeit containing a lot of horror…especially for authors! And is it always speculative? Does that word just mean “imaginative”? If it does, “speculative” isn’t needed in “speculative fiction” because all fiction is a product of an author’s imagination…and therefore imaginative!
But I digress. The question today is whether horror should be a subcategory of speculative fiction. Let’s dig deeper. First, let’s analyze this question: Is horror horrible? My theory is that we’ve become blasé about horror. Real life is often more horrible than anything Stephen King can imagine or write. And what authors sometimes do in the horror genre now, looking to horrify readers more than the other authors, often seems campy and laughable. King’s Misery is a good thriller story; it’s not in the horror genre, but it portrays how life can become horrible. His It is just a bad story unless we take is as YA, in which case It becomes a parody of child abuse and kids’ fear of clowns.
Perhaps the problem is to distinguish between horrifying and terrifying. Books in the horror genre are perhaps best when they’re also terrifying. That’s what distinguishes Misery from It; the former is terrifying because it seems real—as Clancy said, fiction must seem real to be of value; the latter is just clownish horror, pardon the pun. This happens a lot, and King isn’t the only guilty author. Monsters, vampires, werewolves? I don’t find them terrifying, but they’re the clownish staples of many horror books and movies.
Maybe I’m inured to horror and more terrified by what occurs in real life, even if it’s described in fiction. For a long time, the most terrifying movie I’d ever seen was Alien. It has a monster more monstrous than the one in It, a much better monster because it didn’t make me laugh at the campiness. King’s monster is just a humorous parody. Most of his stories are laughable fantasies in that sense, completely out of touch with reality. They’re well written, I suppose, and much better than stories about vampires and werewolves, which I can’t even begin to consider real creatures.
Horror shouldn’t even be a genre. Most books claiming to be in that genre represent fantasy offshoots. King’s best one is Carrie, which is pure fantasy, albeit paranormal fantasy. He sometimes calls himself a sci-fi writer, but that’s wrong. Misery is a standard thriller, and Carrie and It are fantasy stories. I suppose Margaret Atwood would throw all of them into the speculative fiction category. I’ve never had a demented fan like the one in Misery; I hope I never do. But that book isn’t speculative fiction, or, if Atwood insists, it’s no more speculative than any Baldacci thriller.
However, labeling most of King’s books fantasy stories does help me as a reader: That categorization tells me to stay away from them because I don’t like fantasy! “Fantasy” is a key word that stops me in my tracks when book browsing.
It should b clear now why I don’t write stories like King writes. I don’t even write stories like Dean Koontz, whom I’ve read a lot more than King. (I read his first Frankenstein redux. It was terrible. I haven’t read a Koontz novel since.) I can call them old masters and still mostly avoid them in my browsing. (They’re all overpriced anyway.)
After another long digression like this, let’s return to the main point: Genres are at best key words. If one person’s horror or sci-fi is another person’s fantasy, it would be better to do away with genres completely and just use key words. In particular, speculative fiction is just so large a descriptor that it’s practically useless. The bottom line: the story is all important. Readers need words that describe what it is about, and today’s plethora of genres have become essentially meaningless in conveying that information.
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Comments are always welcome.
The creation of ITUIP. The “Chaos Chronicles Trilogy,” my celebration of and homage to Asimov’s Foundation series, tracks how the Interstellar Trade Union of Independent Planets (ITUIP…pronounced “eye-tweep”) came into existence, and a lot more. In Survivors of the Chaos, you’ll travel from a dystopian Earth dominated by multinational corporations and policed by their mercenaries, to a starship’s arrival at the distant planet New Haven in the 82 Eridani star system. In Sing a Zamba Galactica, you’ll begin with first encounter at New Haven and end with humanity saving Swarm, a strange collective intelligence. In Come Dance a Cumbia…with Stars in Your Hand!, you’ll meet a psychotic human industrialist who wants to control all of Near-Earth space—he’s my version of Asimov’s Mule…and a lot scarier!
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Around the world and to the stars! In libris libertas!
June 15th, 2020 at 8:50 am
Being a “horror” writer, at least nominally, I’ve struggled with classifications within the genre. I think a lot of what I write is more “thriller” oriented. Or fantasy, as in those vampire detective novels. Nothing really horrific about them. But to me, horror is about the victim, and mystery/thrillers are about the detectives.
Agree, a lot of what King writes isn’t horror. I doubt he would classify something like 11/22/63 as horror, even though it has a supernatural element or two in it. (The supernatural elements are plot devices in order to allow the story he wants to tell be told.)
Then there is the splatterpunk subgenre, and the extreme horror genre, the latter of which is often not much more than torture porn in the hands of a lot of writers. Still, in those sub’s, there are talented writers who can make you care about their characters throughout the horrific plots they are presenting. Supernatural elements seem to be part of horror. If there are ghosts, it seems to get classified as horror. If there are demons or mutants or whatever, they end up in horror, generally.
I tell myself this: in a story like my novel RECIPROCAL EVIL (which I didn’t think you’d like, but I think you didn’t mind it and gave it a positive review), if the story was a thriller, or a supernatural thriller, the detective, Thomas Chavez, would have been the main focus. Because I call it horror, Chris the college kid (who is the victim) is the main focus.
Does that add anything to the discussion?
June 16th, 2020 at 5:52 am
Hi Scott,
Sorry about the spam filter. WP tends to flag longish comments, even my own. I wish someone would tell me where to find a word-length setting–there must be one, and it annoys me to no end.
Yes, you add to the discussion–always. Some comments: Victims are often the MCs in thrillers too, but it’s more like “This happened to X, and s/he is out to find out why.” In other words, when an MC, the victim suffers the victimization early on.
And here’s more, with some tongue-in-cheek: Could Reciprocal Evil be considered Christian Lit horror? 😉 You might have shocked old Dante with that one, now that I think about it some more.
I’m no expert on the horror subgenre. I was more interested in considering whether it was part of Atwood’s taxonomy.
I stand by my claim that genres and subgenres are just key words we can use to describe a work of fiction.
r/Steve